Mozambique’s economy experienced a sharp contraction in the final quarter of 2024, following weeks of unrest triggered by disputed elections. According to official data, the country’s GDP declined by 4.87% between October and December, compared to the same period in the previous year.
The unrest erupted after the October elections, which opposition leader Venancio Mondlane and his supporters claimed were marred by irregularities. Violence during the protests resulted in more than 320 deaths and over 600 injuries, according to the civil society group Plataforma Decide.
Economic Impact of the Unrest
The turmoil had a significant economic impact, with Mozambique’s overall GDP growth for 2024 recorded at just 1.85%, a sharp drop from 5.44% in 2023. The country faced weeks of disruptions as opposition supporters took to the streets to protest the re-election of President Daniel Chapo.
Election observers from the European Union raised concerns over vote manipulation and ballot box stuffing, adding to the political tensions. Although the immediate crisis has eased, sporadic protests over economic hardships continue to take place.
Political Tensions and Public Unrest
Recent weeks have seen reports of targeted intimidation, with Dinis Tivane, an advisor to Mondlane, claiming that 24 shots were fired at his residence. Mondlane, currently traveling across the country, condemned the attack as an “act of political intimidation.”
At the same time, many Mozambicans are struggling with the rising cost of living, adding to frustrations over economic instability. With over 74% of the population living in poverty, the economic downturn further compounds challenges faced by citizens.
Outlook for Mozambique
Despite a slowdown in protests, uncertainty remains over Mozambique’s economic and political stability. The government faces growing pressure to restore economic growth, address concerns about electoral integrity, and improve living conditions for the population.
The coming months will be critical in determining whether Mozambique can recover from this economic setback and navigate the lingering political tensions that continue to shape the country’s future.
